4/27/2002

Home and Small Office Network Jeremy Hsu

Why Network

- Resource Sharing

o Peripheral, Printer and Devices

o Files

o Applications

- Multiplayer Gaming

o Entertainment

- Internet Access

o Simultaneous High-Speed Internet Access

Cable Modem, DSL, ISDN

Need for Bandwidth

- Voice and Fax: 64Kbps

- Digital or Internet Audio/Radio: 200 Kbps

- Computer and CD-ROM Video (MPEG1): 1.5 Mbps

- Home Gaming, Digital Video, CD Quality Audio: 3.0 Mbps

- DVD, Direct-TV (MPEG2): 6.5 Mbps

Market Demands of Home Network in US

- 2000 $300 Million

- 2004 $2.5 Billion

- Market driver: Cost, Easy to Install, Easy to Use.

Network Technologies in Home and Small Office

- Ethernet Networks

- Phoneline Networks

- Powerline Networks

- Wireless Networks

Ethernet Networks

- 10 Mbps – 100 Mbps

- Fast, Reliable, Secure

- Required Cat-3, Cat-5 or Cat-5e cable installation, may need remodeling

- Ideal for home gaming, home office, shared internet access

Phoneline Networks

- 100 Kpbs – 10 Mpbs

- Convenient, simple, secure

- Computers near phone jacks and on the same phone line

- Ideal for shared internet access, file sharing, peripheral sharing. Good for home gaming

Powerline Networks

- 50 Kbps – 350 Kpbs

- Convenient, simple

- Computers near the power outlets

- Good for low bandwidth application, such as home security and control

Wireless Networks

- 700 Kpbs – 11 Mpbs

- Convenient, Mobile, Simple, secure

- Limited to 250 feet

- Ideal for Laptops, desktops and hand-held connected organizers inside or outside home or small office where mobility is needed. Good for internet access sharing and home gaming

Combination of Above.

Typical Home and Small Office Network Example

Configuration Outline of Cable/DSL Router/Switch:

- Configuration can be done via Web Browser

- System Name or Account Name is provided by DSL Provider

- Domain Name is provided by DSL Provider, usually is the last part of your mail address, e.g. www.xxx.verizon.net

- Encapsulation: PPP over Ethernet

- User Name is provided by DSL Provider, e.g. vzexxxx@verizon.net

- WAN IP Address: Get Automatically from ISP or fixed IP address supplied by ISP

- WAN MAC address: use default

- Router address uses the default: 192.168.xx.1

Configuration Outline of Microsoft Window for each PC:

- Install the Network software

- Under the “Control Panel”, open “Network”, high-light the line “TCP/IP->Ethernet Adapter”, click and Open “Properties”, under IP Address to define IP address, e.g. 192.168.xx.2 with subnet Mask of “255.255.255.0”, and under Gateway to add gateway address of Web/Internet Switch/Router IP address, e.g. 192.168.xx.1.

- Under DNS Configuration, enable DNS with the IP address provide by DSL Provider, or just pointing to 192.168.xx.1 (The Switch/Router) with host name of www and Domain name of verizon.net.

Avail Products for Cable Modem/DSL Switch Router:

- Netgear RP-114 Web Safe Router, 4 ports 10/100 Switch

- Netgear RT-314 Fast Internet Access Cable/DSL Router, 4 ports 10/100 Switch

- Linksys EtherFast Cable/DSL Router, DEB2730, 4 ports 10/100 Switch

- Linksys EtherFast Cable/DSL Router, VW78803, 8 ports 10/100 Managed Switch

Avail Wireless Products for Cable Modem/DSL Switch Router:

- D-Link DI-704 Home DSL/Cable Modem Gateway with 4-port Switch, DEB2885

- Others

EIA/TIA-T568-A Color Code

Pin Color

1 white/green

2 green/white

3 white/orange

4 blue/white

5 white/blue

6 orange/white

7 white/brown

8 brown/white

EIA/TIA-T568-B Color Code

Pin Color

1 white/orange

2 orange/white

3 white/green

4 blue/white

5 white/blue

6 green/white

7 white/brown

8 brown/white

Terms and Acronyms

cable modem - Modulator-demodulator device that is placed at subscriber locations to convey data communications on a cable television system.

DSL - digital subscriber line. Public network technology that delivers high bandwidth over conventional copper wiring at limited distances. There are four types of DSL: ADSL, HDSL, SDSL, and VDSL. All are provisioned via modem pairs, with one modem located at a central office and the other at the customer site. Because most DSL technologies do not use the whole bandwidth of the twisted pair, there is room remaining for a voice channel.

ADSL - asymmetric digital subscriber line. One of four DSL technologies. ADSL is designed to deliver more bandwidth downstream (from the central office to the customer site) than upstream. Downstream rates range from 1.5 to 9 Mbps, whereas upstream bandwidth ranges from 16 to 640 kbps. ADSL transmissions work at distances up to 18,000 feet (5,488 meters) over a single copper twisted pair.

NAT - Network Address Translation. Mechanism for reducing the need for globally unique IP addresses. NAT allows an organization with addresses that are not globally unique to connect to the Internet by translating those addresses into globally routable address space. Also known as Network Address Translator.

Category 5 cabling (CAT-5) - One of five grades of UTP cabling described in the EIA/TIA-586 standard. Category 5 cabling can transmit data at speeds up to 100 Mbps.

Category 3 cabling (CAT-3) - One of five grades of UTP cabling described in the EIA/TIA-586 standard. Category 3 cabling is used in 10BaseT networks and can transmit data at speeds up to 10 Mbps.

UTP - unshielded twisted-pair. Four-pair wire medium used in a variety of networks. UTP does not require the fixed spacing between connections that is necessary with coaxial-type connections. Five types of UTP cabling are commonly used: Category 1 cabling, Category 2 cabling, Category 3 cabling, Category 4 cabling, and Category 5 cabling.

DHCP - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. Provides a mechanism for allocating IP addresses dynamically so that addresses can be reused when hosts no longer need them.

switch -

1. Network device that filters, forwards, and floods frames based on the destination address of each frame. The switch operates at the data link layer of the OSI model.

2. General term applied to an electronic or mechanical device that allows a connection to be established as necessary and terminated when there is no longer a session to support.

3. In telephony, a general term for any device, such as a PBX, that connects individual phones to phone lines. See also PBX and PSTN.

Router - Network layer device that uses one or more metrics to determine the optimal path along which network traffic should be forwarded. Routers forward packets from one network to another based on network layer information. Occasionally called a gateway (although this definition of gateway is becoming increasingly outdated). Compare with gateway.

Gateway - In the IP community, an older term referring to a routing device. Today, the term router is used to describe nodes that perform this function, and gateway refers to a special-purpose device that performs an application-layer conversion of information from one protocol stack to another. Compare with router.

VPN - Virtual Private Network. Enables IP traffic to travel securely over a public TCP/IP network by encrypting all traffic from one network to another. A VPN uses "tunneling" to encrypt all information at the IP level.

Reference: http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ita/index.htm